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Dhammapada · narration sample

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Rig Veda · 669 of 1027

Mandala 8: HYMN XLIX. Agni.

1.AGNI, come hither with thy fires; we choose thee as Invoking Priest. Let the extended ladle full of oil balm thee, best Priest, to sit on sacred grass.

2.For unto thee, O Aṅgiras, O Son of Strength, move ladles in the sacrifice. To Agni, Child of Force, whose locks drop oil, we seek, foremost in sacrificial rites.

3.Agni, thou art Disposer, Sage, Herald, bright God! and worshipful, Best offerer, cheerful, to be praised in holy rites, pure Lord! by singers with their hymns.

4.Most Youthful and Eternal, bring the longing Gods to me, the guileless, for the feast. Come, Vasu, to the banquet that is well-prepared: rejoice thee, gracious, with our songs.

5.Famed art thou, Agni, far and wide, Preserver, righteous, and a Sage. The holy singers, O refulgent kindled God! arrangers, call on thee to come.

6.Shine, Most Resplendent! blaze, send bliss unto the folk, and to thy worshipper Great art thou. So may my princes, with good fires, subduing foes, rest in the keeping of the Gods.

7.O Agni, as thou burnest down to earth even high-grown underwood, So, bright as Mitra is, burn him who injures us, him who plots ill against thy friend.

8.Give us not as a prey to mortal enemy, nor to the wicked friend of fiends. With conquering guards, auspicious, unassailable, protect us, O Most Youthful God.

9.Protect us, Agni, through the first, protect us through the second hymn, Protect us through three hymns, O Lord of Power and Might, through four hymns, Vasu, guard thou us.

10.Preserve us from each fiend who brings the Gods no gift, preserve thou us in deeds of strength: For we possess in thee the nearest Friend of all, for service of the Gods and weal.

11.O Holy Agni, give us wealth renowned with men and strengthening life. Bestow on us, O Helper, that which many crave, more glorious still by righteousness;

12.Wherewith we may o’ercome our rivals in the war, o’erpowering the foe’s designs. So wax thou by our food, O Excellent in strength. Quicken our thoughts that find out wealth.

13.Agni is even as a bull who whets and brandishes his horns. Well-sharpened are his jaws which may not be withstood: the Child of Strength hath powerful teeth.

14.Not to be stayed, O Bull, O Agni, are thy teeth when thou art spreading far and wide. Make our oblations duly offered up, O Priest, and give us store of precious things.

15.Thou liest in the wood: from both thy Mothers mortals kindle thee. Unweariedly thou bearest up the offerer’s gifts, then shinest bright among the Gods.

16.And so the seven priests, O Agni, worship thee, Free-giver, Everlasting One. Thou cleavest through the rock with heat and fervent glow. Agni, rise up above the men.

17.For you let us whose grass is trimmed call Agni, Agni, restless God. Let us whose food is offered call to all the tribes Agni the Invoking Priest of men.

18.Agni, with noble psalm that tells his wish he dwells, thinking on thee who guardest him. Speedily bring us strength of many varied sorts to be most near to succour us.

19.Agni, Praise-singer! Lord of men, God burner-up of Rākṣasas, Mighty art thou, the ever-present Household-Lord, Home-friend and Guardian from the sky.

20.Let no fiend come among us, O thou rich in light, no spell of those who deal in spells. To distant pastures drive faint hunger: far away, O Agni, chase the demons’ friends.

Asked of Guide

Why does the hymn call Agni both 'Invoking Priest' and 'Household-Lord'?

The hymn presents Agni as the bridge between domestic worship and cosmic function: “Invoking Priest” names him the ritual mediator who carries offerings, while “Household-Lord” names him the ever-present guardian within the home who protects and nourishes. Verses like “Unweariedly thou bearest up the offerer’s gifts” and “ever-present Household-Lord, Home-friend and Guardian” show those two roles working together in the same fire.

This double role echoes themes in later Vedic texts such as the Gṛhya-sūtras, which treat Agni as both sacrificial priest and domestic deity responsible for prosperity and protection. The hymn insists that tending Agni secures both successful rites and everyday wellbeing.

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